Species | Potential target | Raw | Global | Species |
---|---|---|---|---|
Schistosoma mansoni | hypothetical protein | 0.0114 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Brugia malayi | Furin-like cysteine rich region family protein | 0.0323 | 0.0327 | 0.0325 |
Schistosoma mansoni | serine/threonine protein kinase | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0033 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | RNA binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0035 |
Trypanosoma cruzi | DNA repair protein, putative | 0.0034 | 0.0012 | 0.0491 |
Schistosoma mansoni | Neurotrimin precursor (hNT) | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | neuroglian | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Chlamydia trachomatis | recombinase RecA | 0.0111 | 0.0096 | 0.2211 |
Chlamydia trachomatis | replicative DNA helicase | 0.0399 | 0.0411 | 1 |
Echinococcus granulosus | roundabout 2 | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Wolbachia endosymbiont of Brugia malayi | recombinase A | 0.0111 | 0.0096 | 0.2211 |
Brugia malayi | hypothetical protein | 0.0154 | 0.0143 | 0.014 |
Plasmodium vivax | serine/threonine protein kinase 6, putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 1 |
Schistosoma mansoni | Replicative DNA helicase | 0.0399 | 0.0411 | 0.0411 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase | 0.003 | 0.0007 | 0.0007 |
Plasmodium falciparum | thioredoxin reductase | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.6131 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tyrosine kinase | 0.0175 | 0.0166 | 0.0166 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | hypothetical protein | 0.0073 | 0.0054 | 0.0044 |
Echinococcus granulosus | epidermal growth factor receptor | 0.0323 | 0.0327 | 0.0327 |
Entamoeba histolytica | fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Entamoeba histolytica | serine/threonine protein kinase 6, putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0373 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | hypothetical protein | 0.0042 | 0.0021 | 0.001 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | MH2 domain-containing protein | 0.0245 | 0.0242 | 0.0231 |
Mycobacterium leprae | Conserved hypothetical protein | 0.1177 | 0.126 | 1 |
Trypanosoma brucei | protein kinase, putative | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.2597 |
Brugia malayi | dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor, putative | 0.003 | 0.0007 | 0.0004 |
Schistosoma mansoni | hypothetical protein | 0.9177 | 1 | 1 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Probable replicative DNA helicase DnaB | 0.35 | 0.3798 | 1 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | NAD(P)H quinone reductase LpdA | 0.0218 | 0.0213 | 0.0543 |
Leishmania major | trypanothione reductase | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.6131 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | NADPH-dependent mycothiol reductase Mtr | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.0162 |
Echinococcus granulosus | bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain | 0.0037 | 0.0015 | 0.0015 |
Trypanosoma brucei | recA bacterial DNA recombination protein, putative | 0.0034 | 0.0012 | 0.0491 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | protein-tyrosine phosphatase | 0.0744 | 0.0788 | 0.0778 |
Brugia malayi | Thioredoxin reductase | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.0066 |
Echinococcus granulosus | serine:threonine protein kinase 12 B | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0107 |
Plasmodium falciparum | glutathione reductase | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.6131 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase 2 | 0.9177 | 1 | 1 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | mitogen activated protein kinase | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0033 |
Mycobacterium leprae | PROBABLE NADH DEHYDROGENASE NDH | 0.0196 | 0.0189 | 0.0796 |
Schistosoma mansoni | defective proboscis extension response (dpr)-related | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Trypanosoma cruzi | mitogen-activated protein kinase 11, putative | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.2597 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | TK/INSR protein kinase | 0.0105 | 0.009 | 0.0079 |
Echinococcus granulosus | tar DNA binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0046 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tyrosine kinase | 0.0175 | 0.0166 | 0.0166 |
Brugia malayi | RNA recognition motif domain containing protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0043 |
Trypanosoma brucei | trypanothione reductase | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.6131 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | TK/EGFR protein kinase | 0.0323 | 0.0327 | 0.0317 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription | 0.0114 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Echinococcus granulosus | insulin growth factor 1 receptor beta | 0.0105 | 0.009 | 0.009 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | mitogen activated protein kinase 3 | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0033 |
Plasmodium falciparum | serine/threonine protein kinase, putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 1 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | AUR protein kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0096 |
Mycobacterium ulcerans | catalase KatE | 0.0178 | 0.0169 | 0.4007 |
Echinococcus granulosus | microtubule associated protein 2 | 0.0697 | 0.0736 | 0.0736 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | atpase aaa+ type core atpase aaa type core | 0.0819 | 0.087 | 0.087 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Putative ferredoxin reductase | 0.0196 | 0.0189 | 0.0479 |
Trypanosoma brucei | aurora B kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 1 |
Echinococcus granulosus | bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain | 0.0062 | 0.0042 | 0.0042 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tar DNA-binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0046 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Toxoplasma gondii | aurora kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.6195 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | hypothetical protein | 0.0051 | 0.0031 | 0.002 |
Brugia malayi | hypothetical protein | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0008 |
Mycobacterium leprae | DIHYDROLIPOAMIDE DEHYDROGENASE LPD (LIPOAMIDE REDUCTASE (NADH)) (LIPOYL DEHYDROGENASE) (DIHYDROLIPOYL DEHYDROGENASE) (DIAPHORASE | 0.0218 | 0.0213 | 0.1001 |
Leishmania major | mitogen activated protein kinase, putative,map kinase, putative | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.2597 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | basement membrane specific heparan sulfate | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | AUR protein kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0096 |
Brugia malayi | Bromodomain containing protein | 0.0077 | 0.0059 | 0.0057 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Treponema pallidum | recombinase A | 0.0111 | 0.0096 | 0.2211 |
Brugia malayi | TAR-binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0043 |
Wolbachia endosymbiont of Brugia malayi | replicative DNA helicase | 0.0399 | 0.0411 | 1 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | TK/KIN16 protein kinase | 0.0038 | 0.0016 | 0.0005 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tar DNA-binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0046 |
Treponema pallidum | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 0.7366 |
Echinococcus granulosus | dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase | 0.003 | 0.0007 | 0.0007 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain | 0.0037 | 0.0015 | 0.0015 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | thioredoxin reductase | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.0058 |
Mycobacterium leprae | Probable fructose bisphosphate aldolase Fba | 0.0147 | 0.0136 | 0.0338 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | hypothetical protein | 0.004 | 0.0018 | 0.0007 |
Schistosoma mansoni | dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase | 0.003 | 0.0007 | 0.0007 |
Echinococcus granulosus | defective proboscis extension response | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | CMGC family protein kinase | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0875 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | microtubule associated protein 2 | 0.0697 | 0.0736 | 0.0736 |
Mycobacterium ulcerans | catalase | 0.005 | 0.0029 | 0.0549 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | Immunoglobulin | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tyrosine kinase | 0.0105 | 0.009 | 0.009 |
Brugia malayi | Calcitonin receptor-like protein seb-1 | 0.0051 | 0.0031 | 0.0028 |
Giardia lamblia | Aurora kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.337 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | CMGC family protein kinase | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0875 |
Schistosoma mansoni | nephrin | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Schistosoma mansoni | hypothetical protein | 0.0035 | 0.0013 | 0.0013 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tar DNA-binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0046 |
Mycobacterium leprae | PROBABLE REPLICATIVE DNA HELICASE DNAB replicative DNA helicase | 0.0399 | 0.0411 | 0.27 |
Toxoplasma gondii | CMGC kinase, MAPK family (ERK) MAPK-1 | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.1609 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | tar DNA binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0046 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tyrosine kinase | 0.017 | 0.016 | 0.016 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain | 0.0062 | 0.0042 | 0.0042 |
Brugia malayi | serine/threonine-protein kinase 6 | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0105 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | hypothetical protein | 0.0154 | 0.0143 | 0.0132 |
Echinococcus granulosus | Immunoglobulin | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | AGC family protein kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.337 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tyrosine kinase | 0.0323 | 0.0327 | 0.0327 |
Mycobacterium ulcerans | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase | 0.0147 | 0.0136 | 0.3186 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | epidermal growth factor receptor | 0.0323 | 0.0327 | 0.0327 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | TAR-binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0035 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | transcription factor SMAD2 | 0.0245 | 0.0242 | 0.0231 |
Entamoeba histolytica | protein kinase, putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0373 |
Brugia malayi | RNA binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0043 |
Schistosoma mansoni | microtubule-associated protein tau | 0.0697 | 0.0736 | 0.0736 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Probable oxidoreductase | 0.0218 | 0.0213 | 0.0543 |
Brugia malayi | hypothetical protein | 0.0114 | 0.01 | 0.0097 |
Treponema pallidum | replicative DNA helicase (dnaB) | 0.0399 | 0.0411 | 1 |
Brugia malayi | Bromodomain containing protein | 0.004 | 0.0018 | 0.0015 |
Mycobacterium ulcerans | recombinase A | 0.0111 | 0.0096 | 0.2211 |
Trypanosoma cruzi | mitogen-activated protein kinase 11, putative | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.2597 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | insulin receptor | 0.0105 | 0.009 | 0.009 |
Brugia malayi | Immunoglobulin I-set domain containing protein | 0.0038 | 0.0016 | 0.0014 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | epidermal growth factor receptor | 0.0175 | 0.0166 | 0.0166 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Probable membrane NADH dehydrogenase NdhA | 0.0196 | 0.0189 | 0.0479 |
Brugia malayi | latrophilin 2 splice variant baaae | 0.0035 | 0.0013 | 0.001 |
Echinococcus granulosus | epidermal growth factor receptor | 0.0175 | 0.0166 | 0.0166 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | AGC family protein kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.337 |
Giardia lamblia | Kinase, CMGC MAPK | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0875 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | CMGC family protein kinase | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0875 |
Echinococcus granulosus | twitchin | 0.0035 | 0.0013 | 0.0013 |
Echinococcus granulosus | neurotracting:lsamp:neurotrimin:obcam | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Trypanosoma brucei | mitogen activated protein kinase 4, putative | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.2597 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | twinkle helicase | 0.0114 | 0.0099 | 0.0088 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | thioredoxin glutathione reductase | 0.0087 | 0.0069 | 0.0069 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | glutathione reductase | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.0058 |
Schistosoma mansoni | transcription factor LCR-F1 | 0.0114 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Plasmodium vivax | thioredoxin reductase, putative | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.6131 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tyrosine kinase | 0.0105 | 0.009 | 0.009 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | hypothetical protein | 0.0035 | 0.0013 | 0.0002 |
Brugia malayi | Protein kinase domain containing protein | 0.0105 | 0.009 | 0.0087 |
Schistosoma mansoni | cell adhesion molecule | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Echinococcus granulosus | Basic leucine zipper bZIP transcription | 0.0114 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | aurora kinase A | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0107 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Echinococcus granulosus | aurora kinase A | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0107 |
Plasmodium vivax | glutathione reductase, putative | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.6131 |
Mycobacterium ulcerans | replicative DNA helicase DnaB | 0.0399 | 0.0411 | 1 |
Echinococcus granulosus | indoleamine 23 dioxygenase 2 | 0.9177 | 1 | 1 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | AUR protein kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0096 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Probable dehydrogenase | 0.0196 | 0.0189 | 0.0479 |
Toxoplasma gondii | thioredoxin reductase | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.3798 |
Giardia lamblia | Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Probable nitrite reductase [NAD(P)H] large subunit [FAD flavoprotein] NirB | 0.0196 | 0.0189 | 0.0479 |
Echinococcus granulosus | tyrosine protein phosphatase non receptor type | 0.0744 | 0.0788 | 0.0788 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | serine:threonine protein kinase 12 B | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0107 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | AGC family protein kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.337 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Probable fructose-bisphosphate aldolase Fba | 0.0147 | 0.0136 | 0.0339 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Probable NADH dehydrogenase Ndh | 0.0196 | 0.0189 | 0.0479 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | 0.0099 | 0.0083 | 0.0083 | |
Schistosoma mansoni | protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type nt1 | 0.0744 | 0.0788 | 0.0788 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | pigment dispersing factor receptor c | 0.0051 | 0.0031 | 0.002 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | hypothetical protein | 0.0044 | 0.0023 | 0.0012 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tar DNA-binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0046 |
Entamoeba histolytica | protein kinase domain containing protein | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0373 |
Echinococcus granulosus | mitogen activated protein kinase | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0033 |
Brugia malayi | MH2 domain containing protein | 0.0245 | 0.0242 | 0.024 |
Entamoeba histolytica | serine/threonine- protein kinase 6, putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0373 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | RecA protein (recombinase A) [contains: endonuclease PI-MTUI (MTU RecA intein)]. | 0.3212 | 0.3484 | 0.9171 |
Entamoeba histolytica | protein kinase, putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0373 |
Brugia malayi | Immunoglobulin I-set domain containing protein | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0008 |
Echinococcus granulosus | thioredoxin glutathione reductase | 0.0087 | 0.0069 | 0.0069 |
Brugia malayi | serine/threonine protein kinase 6 | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0105 |
Schistosoma mansoni | protein kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0107 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tyrosine kinase | 0.017 | 0.016 | 0.016 |
Onchocerca volvulus | 0.0154 | 0.0143 | 0.5 | |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase LpdC (lipoamide reductase (NADH)) (lipoyl dehydrogenase) (dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase) (diaphoras | 0.0218 | 0.0213 | 0.0543 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | RNA recognition domain-containing protein domain-containing protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0035 |
Toxoplasma gondii | catalase | 0.0178 | 0.0169 | 1 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | tyrosine protein phosphatase non receptor type | 0.0744 | 0.0788 | 0.0788 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | insulin growth factor 1 receptor beta | 0.0105 | 0.009 | 0.009 |
Schistosoma mansoni | serine/threonine protein kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0107 |
Entamoeba histolytica | protein kinase , putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0373 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tar DNA-binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0046 |
Brugia malayi | glutathione reductase | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.0066 |
Echinococcus granulosus | mitogen activated protein kinase 3 | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0033 |
Entamoeba histolytica | fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | CMGC family protein kinase | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0875 |
Trypanosoma cruzi | mitogen activated protein kinase 4, putative | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.2597 |
Leishmania major | mitogen activated protein kinase 4, putative;with=GeneDB:LmxM19.1440 | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.2597 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tyrosine kinase | 0.017 | 0.016 | 0.016 |
Brugia malayi | MAP kinase sur-1 | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.003 |
Trypanosoma cruzi | trypanothione reductase, putative | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.6131 |
Trypanosoma cruzi | aurora B kinase, putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 1 |
Brugia malayi | serine/threonine kinase 12 | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0105 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | roundabout 2 | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Brugia malayi | Fibronectin type III domain containing protein | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0008 |
Brugia malayi | Corticotropin releasing factor receptor 2 precursor, putative | 0.0051 | 0.0031 | 0.0028 |
Echinococcus granulosus | insulin receptor | 0.0105 | 0.009 | 0.009 |
Echinococcus granulosus | neuroglian | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase | 0.9177 | 1 | 1 |
Entamoeba histolytica | serine/threonine- protein kinase 6 , putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0373 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | AGC family protein kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.337 |
Trypanosoma cruzi | DNA repair protein, putative | 0.0034 | 0.0012 | 0.0491 |
Trypanosoma cruzi | mitogen activated protein kinase 2, putative | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.2597 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | CMGC/MAPK/ERK1 protein kinase | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0022 |
Leishmania major | protein kinase, putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 1 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Schistosoma mansoni | vesicular amine transporter | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Schistosoma mansoni | hypothetical protein | 0.9177 | 1 | 1 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Brugia malayi | Protein-tyrosine phosphatase containing protein | 0.0744 | 0.0788 | 0.0785 |
Schistosoma mansoni | bromodomain containing protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0046 |
Echinococcus granulosus | melanoma receptor tyrosine protein kinase | 0.0175 | 0.0166 | 0.0166 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Probable reductase | 0.0196 | 0.0189 | 0.0479 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | Immunoglobulin | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Activity type | Activity value | Assay description | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
IC50 (binding) | ~ 100 uM | Inhibition of farnesyl transferase | ChEMBL. | No reference |
Many chemical entities in TDR Targets come from high-throughput screenings with whole cells or tissue samples, and not all assayed compounds have been tested against a single a single target protein, probably because they get ruled out during screening process. Even if these compounds may have not been of interest in the original screening, they may come as interesting leads for other screening assays. Furthermore, we may be able to propose drug-target associations using chemical similarities and network patterns.