Species | Potential target | Raw | Global | Species |
---|---|---|---|---|
Schistosoma mansoni | cell adhesion molecule | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | hypothetical protein | 0.0035 | 0.0013 | 0.0002 |
Brugia malayi | Protein kinase domain containing protein | 0.0105 | 0.009 | 0.0087 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Echinococcus granulosus | aurora kinase A | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0107 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | aurora kinase A | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0107 |
Echinococcus granulosus | Basic leucine zipper bZIP transcription | 0.0114 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | AUR protein kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0096 |
Echinococcus granulosus | indoleamine 23 dioxygenase 2 | 0.9177 | 1 | 1 |
Plasmodium vivax | glutathione reductase, putative | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.6131 |
Mycobacterium ulcerans | replicative DNA helicase DnaB | 0.0399 | 0.0411 | 1 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Probable dehydrogenase | 0.0196 | 0.0189 | 0.0479 |
Echinococcus granulosus | tyrosine protein phosphatase non receptor type | 0.0744 | 0.0788 | 0.0788 |
Giardia lamblia | Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Probable nitrite reductase [NAD(P)H] large subunit [FAD flavoprotein] NirB | 0.0196 | 0.0189 | 0.0479 |
Toxoplasma gondii | thioredoxin reductase | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.3798 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | serine:threonine protein kinase 12 B | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0107 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Probable fructose-bisphosphate aldolase Fba | 0.0147 | 0.0136 | 0.0339 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | AGC family protein kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.337 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Probable NADH dehydrogenase Ndh | 0.0196 | 0.0189 | 0.0479 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | 0.0099 | 0.0083 | 0.0083 | |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | pigment dispersing factor receptor c | 0.0051 | 0.0031 | 0.002 |
Schistosoma mansoni | protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type nt1 | 0.0744 | 0.0788 | 0.0788 |
Echinococcus granulosus | mitogen activated protein kinase | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0033 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | hypothetical protein | 0.0044 | 0.0023 | 0.0012 |
Entamoeba histolytica | protein kinase domain containing protein | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0373 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tar DNA-binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0046 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | RecA protein (recombinase A) [contains: endonuclease PI-MTUI (MTU RecA intein)]. | 0.3212 | 0.3484 | 0.9171 |
Entamoeba histolytica | protein kinase, putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0373 |
Brugia malayi | MH2 domain containing protein | 0.0245 | 0.0242 | 0.024 |
Entamoeba histolytica | serine/threonine- protein kinase 6, putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0373 |
Brugia malayi | Immunoglobulin I-set domain containing protein | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0008 |
Brugia malayi | serine/threonine protein kinase 6 | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0105 |
Echinococcus granulosus | thioredoxin glutathione reductase | 0.0087 | 0.0069 | 0.0069 |
Brugia malayi | RNA binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0043 |
Schistosoma mansoni | microtubule-associated protein tau | 0.0697 | 0.0736 | 0.0736 |
Brugia malayi | hypothetical protein | 0.0114 | 0.01 | 0.0097 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Probable oxidoreductase | 0.0218 | 0.0213 | 0.0543 |
Mycobacterium ulcerans | recombinase A | 0.0111 | 0.0096 | 0.2211 |
Treponema pallidum | replicative DNA helicase (dnaB) | 0.0399 | 0.0411 | 1 |
Brugia malayi | Bromodomain containing protein | 0.004 | 0.0018 | 0.0015 |
Brugia malayi | Immunoglobulin I-set domain containing protein | 0.0038 | 0.0016 | 0.0014 |
Trypanosoma cruzi | mitogen-activated protein kinase 11, putative | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.2597 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | insulin receptor | 0.0105 | 0.009 | 0.009 |
Brugia malayi | latrophilin 2 splice variant baaae | 0.0035 | 0.0013 | 0.001 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Probable membrane NADH dehydrogenase NdhA | 0.0196 | 0.0189 | 0.0479 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | epidermal growth factor receptor | 0.0175 | 0.0166 | 0.0166 |
Echinococcus granulosus | epidermal growth factor receptor | 0.0175 | 0.0166 | 0.0166 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | CMGC family protein kinase | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0875 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | AGC family protein kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.337 |
Giardia lamblia | Kinase, CMGC MAPK | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0875 |
Echinococcus granulosus | twitchin | 0.0035 | 0.0013 | 0.0013 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | twinkle helicase | 0.0114 | 0.0099 | 0.0088 |
Echinococcus granulosus | neurotracting:lsamp:neurotrimin:obcam | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Trypanosoma brucei | mitogen activated protein kinase 4, putative | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.2597 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | thioredoxin glutathione reductase | 0.0087 | 0.0069 | 0.0069 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | glutathione reductase | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.0058 |
Plasmodium vivax | thioredoxin reductase, putative | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.6131 |
Schistosoma mansoni | transcription factor LCR-F1 | 0.0114 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tyrosine kinase | 0.0105 | 0.009 | 0.009 |
Echinococcus granulosus | insulin receptor | 0.0105 | 0.009 | 0.009 |
Echinococcus granulosus | neuroglian | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Brugia malayi | Corticotropin releasing factor receptor 2 precursor, putative | 0.0051 | 0.0031 | 0.0028 |
Entamoeba histolytica | serine/threonine- protein kinase 6 , putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0373 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase | 0.9177 | 1 | 1 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | AGC family protein kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.337 |
Trypanosoma cruzi | DNA repair protein, putative | 0.0034 | 0.0012 | 0.0491 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | CMGC/MAPK/ERK1 protein kinase | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0022 |
Trypanosoma cruzi | mitogen activated protein kinase 2, putative | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.2597 |
Leishmania major | protein kinase, putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 1 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Schistosoma mansoni | hypothetical protein | 0.9177 | 1 | 1 |
Schistosoma mansoni | vesicular amine transporter | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Brugia malayi | Protein-tyrosine phosphatase containing protein | 0.0744 | 0.0788 | 0.0785 |
Schistosoma mansoni | bromodomain containing protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0046 |
Echinococcus granulosus | melanoma receptor tyrosine protein kinase | 0.0175 | 0.0166 | 0.0166 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Probable reductase | 0.0196 | 0.0189 | 0.0479 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | Immunoglobulin | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Schistosoma mansoni | protein kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0107 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tyrosine kinase | 0.017 | 0.016 | 0.016 |
Onchocerca volvulus | 0.0154 | 0.0143 | 0.5 | |
Toxoplasma gondii | catalase | 0.0178 | 0.0169 | 1 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | RNA recognition domain-containing protein domain-containing protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0035 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase LpdC (lipoamide reductase (NADH)) (lipoyl dehydrogenase) (dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase) (diaphoras | 0.0218 | 0.0213 | 0.0543 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | tyrosine protein phosphatase non receptor type | 0.0744 | 0.0788 | 0.0788 |
Schistosoma mansoni | serine/threonine protein kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0107 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | insulin growth factor 1 receptor beta | 0.0105 | 0.009 | 0.009 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tar DNA-binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0046 |
Entamoeba histolytica | protein kinase , putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0373 |
Brugia malayi | glutathione reductase | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.0066 |
Echinococcus granulosus | mitogen activated protein kinase 3 | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0033 |
Entamoeba histolytica | fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Leishmania major | mitogen activated protein kinase 4, putative;with=GeneDB:LmxM19.1440 | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.2597 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | CMGC family protein kinase | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0875 |
Trypanosoma cruzi | mitogen activated protein kinase 4, putative | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.2597 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tyrosine kinase | 0.017 | 0.016 | 0.016 |
Brugia malayi | MAP kinase sur-1 | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.003 |
Trypanosoma cruzi | trypanothione reductase, putative | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.6131 |
Brugia malayi | Fibronectin type III domain containing protein | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0008 |
Brugia malayi | serine/threonine kinase 12 | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0105 |
Trypanosoma cruzi | aurora B kinase, putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 1 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | roundabout 2 | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Schistosoma mansoni | hypothetical protein | 0.9177 | 1 | 1 |
Brugia malayi | dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor, putative | 0.003 | 0.0007 | 0.0004 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Probable replicative DNA helicase DnaB | 0.35 | 0.3798 | 1 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | NAD(P)H quinone reductase LpdA | 0.0218 | 0.0213 | 0.0543 |
Echinococcus granulosus | bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain | 0.0037 | 0.0015 | 0.0015 |
Brugia malayi | Thioredoxin reductase | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.0066 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | protein-tyrosine phosphatase | 0.0744 | 0.0788 | 0.0778 |
Trypanosoma brucei | recA bacterial DNA recombination protein, putative | 0.0034 | 0.0012 | 0.0491 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | NADPH-dependent mycothiol reductase Mtr | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.0162 |
Leishmania major | trypanothione reductase | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.6131 |
Echinococcus granulosus | serine:threonine protein kinase 12 B | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0107 |
Plasmodium falciparum | glutathione reductase | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.6131 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | mitogen activated protein kinase | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0033 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase 2 | 0.9177 | 1 | 1 |
Mycobacterium leprae | PROBABLE NADH DEHYDROGENASE NDH | 0.0196 | 0.0189 | 0.0796 |
Schistosoma mansoni | defective proboscis extension response (dpr)-related | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Trypanosoma cruzi | mitogen-activated protein kinase 11, putative | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.2597 |
Echinococcus granulosus | tar DNA binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0046 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | TK/INSR protein kinase | 0.0105 | 0.009 | 0.0079 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tyrosine kinase | 0.0175 | 0.0166 | 0.0166 |
Brugia malayi | RNA recognition motif domain containing protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0043 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | TK/EGFR protein kinase | 0.0323 | 0.0327 | 0.0317 |
Trypanosoma brucei | trypanothione reductase | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.6131 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription | 0.0114 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Echinococcus granulosus | insulin growth factor 1 receptor beta | 0.0105 | 0.009 | 0.009 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Schistosoma mansoni | serine/threonine protein kinase | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0033 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | RNA binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0035 |
Trypanosoma cruzi | DNA repair protein, putative | 0.0034 | 0.0012 | 0.0491 |
Brugia malayi | Furin-like cysteine rich region family protein | 0.0323 | 0.0327 | 0.0325 |
Schistosoma mansoni | hypothetical protein | 0.0114 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Schistosoma mansoni | Neurotrimin precursor (hNT) | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Chlamydia trachomatis | replicative DNA helicase | 0.0399 | 0.0411 | 1 |
Chlamydia trachomatis | recombinase RecA | 0.0111 | 0.0096 | 0.2211 |
Echinococcus granulosus | roundabout 2 | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Wolbachia endosymbiont of Brugia malayi | recombinase A | 0.0111 | 0.0096 | 0.2211 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | neuroglian | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Brugia malayi | hypothetical protein | 0.0154 | 0.0143 | 0.014 |
Plasmodium vivax | serine/threonine protein kinase 6, putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 1 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase | 0.003 | 0.0007 | 0.0007 |
Schistosoma mansoni | Replicative DNA helicase | 0.0399 | 0.0411 | 0.0411 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tyrosine kinase | 0.0175 | 0.0166 | 0.0166 |
Plasmodium falciparum | thioredoxin reductase | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.6131 |
Echinococcus granulosus | epidermal growth factor receptor | 0.0323 | 0.0327 | 0.0327 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | hypothetical protein | 0.0073 | 0.0054 | 0.0044 |
Entamoeba histolytica | fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Entamoeba histolytica | serine/threonine protein kinase 6, putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0373 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | MH2 domain-containing protein | 0.0245 | 0.0242 | 0.0231 |
Trypanosoma brucei | protein kinase, putative | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.2597 |
Mycobacterium leprae | Conserved hypothetical protein | 0.1177 | 0.126 | 1 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | hypothetical protein | 0.0042 | 0.0021 | 0.001 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | CMGC family protein kinase | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0875 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | microtubule associated protein 2 | 0.0697 | 0.0736 | 0.0736 |
Mycobacterium ulcerans | catalase | 0.005 | 0.0029 | 0.0549 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tyrosine kinase | 0.0105 | 0.009 | 0.009 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | Immunoglobulin | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Brugia malayi | Calcitonin receptor-like protein seb-1 | 0.0051 | 0.0031 | 0.0028 |
Giardia lamblia | Aurora kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.337 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | CMGC family protein kinase | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0875 |
Schistosoma mansoni | hypothetical protein | 0.0035 | 0.0013 | 0.0013 |
Schistosoma mansoni | nephrin | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Mycobacterium leprae | PROBABLE REPLICATIVE DNA HELICASE DNAB replicative DNA helicase | 0.0399 | 0.0411 | 0.27 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | tar DNA binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0046 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tyrosine kinase | 0.017 | 0.016 | 0.016 |
Toxoplasma gondii | CMGC kinase, MAPK family (ERK) MAPK-1 | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.1609 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tar DNA-binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0046 |
Brugia malayi | serine/threonine-protein kinase 6 | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0105 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain | 0.0062 | 0.0042 | 0.0042 |
Echinococcus granulosus | Immunoglobulin | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | hypothetical protein | 0.0154 | 0.0143 | 0.0132 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | AGC family protein kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.337 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tyrosine kinase | 0.0323 | 0.0327 | 0.0327 |
Mycobacterium ulcerans | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase | 0.0147 | 0.0136 | 0.3186 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | transcription factor SMAD2 | 0.0245 | 0.0242 | 0.0231 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | TAR-binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0035 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | epidermal growth factor receptor | 0.0323 | 0.0327 | 0.0327 |
Entamoeba histolytica | protein kinase, putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0373 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | mitogen activated protein kinase 3 | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.0033 |
Plasmodium falciparum | serine/threonine protein kinase, putative | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 1 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | atpase aaa+ type core atpase aaa type core | 0.0819 | 0.087 | 0.087 |
Echinococcus granulosus | microtubule associated protein 2 | 0.0697 | 0.0736 | 0.0736 |
Mycobacterium ulcerans | catalase KatE | 0.0178 | 0.0169 | 0.4007 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | AUR protein kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0096 |
Echinococcus granulosus | bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain | 0.0062 | 0.0042 | 0.0042 |
Trypanosoma brucei | aurora B kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 1 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Putative ferredoxin reductase | 0.0196 | 0.0189 | 0.0479 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tar DNA-binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0046 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Mycobacterium leprae | DIHYDROLIPOAMIDE DEHYDROGENASE LPD (LIPOAMIDE REDUCTASE (NADH)) (LIPOYL DEHYDROGENASE) (DIHYDROLIPOYL DEHYDROGENASE) (DIAPHORASE | 0.0218 | 0.0213 | 0.1001 |
Brugia malayi | hypothetical protein | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0008 |
Toxoplasma gondii | aurora kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.6195 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | hypothetical protein | 0.0051 | 0.0031 | 0.002 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | basement membrane specific heparan sulfate | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Leishmania major | mitogen activated protein kinase, putative,map kinase, putative | 0.0054 | 0.0033 | 0.2597 |
Brugia malayi | Bromodomain containing protein | 0.0077 | 0.0059 | 0.0057 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | AUR protein kinase | 0.0121 | 0.0107 | 0.0096 |
Wolbachia endosymbiont of Brugia malayi | replicative DNA helicase | 0.0399 | 0.0411 | 1 |
Brugia malayi | TAR-binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0043 |
Treponema pallidum | recombinase A | 0.0111 | 0.0096 | 0.2211 |
Trichomonas vaginalis | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, putative | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 1 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | TK/KIN16 protein kinase | 0.0038 | 0.0016 | 0.0005 |
Treponema pallidum | fructose-bisphosphate aldolase | 0.0302 | 0.0304 | 0.7366 |
Schistosoma mansoni | tar DNA-binding protein | 0.0065 | 0.0046 | 0.0046 |
Echinococcus granulosus | dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase | 0.003 | 0.0007 | 0.0007 |
Echinococcus multilocularis | bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain | 0.0037 | 0.0015 | 0.0015 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | hypothetical protein | 0.004 | 0.0018 | 0.0007 |
Echinococcus granulosus | defective proboscis extension response | 0.0033 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 |
Schistosoma mansoni | dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase | 0.003 | 0.0007 | 0.0007 |
Loa Loa (eye worm) | thioredoxin reductase | 0.0086 | 0.0069 | 0.0058 |
Mycobacterium leprae | Probable fructose bisphosphate aldolase Fba | 0.0147 | 0.0136 | 0.0338 |
Activity type | Activity value | Assay description | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
IC50 (binding) | ~ 100 uM | Inhibition of farnesyl transferase | ChEMBL. | No reference |
Many chemical entities in TDR Targets come from high-throughput screenings with whole cells or tissue samples, and not all assayed compounds have been tested against a single a single target protein, probably because they get ruled out during screening process. Even if these compounds may have not been of interest in the original screening, they may come as interesting leads for other screening assays. Furthermore, we may be able to propose drug-target associations using chemical similarities and network patterns.